3/4 Crushed Stone Calculator: How Much You Need

This calculator tells you how many cubic yards or tons of 3/4-inch crushed stone you need for a rectangular area, based on the length, width, and depth you enter. It also shows the total weight in tons using the average density of crushed stone, so you can order the right amount for your project.

Formula

The calculator uses the standard volume formula for a rectangular prism:

Volume (cubic feet) = Length (ft) × Width (ft) × Depth (ft)

Since depth is entered in inches, it is first converted to feet by dividing by 12. Then, cubic feet are converted to cubic yards by dividing by 27 (because 1 cubic yard = 27 cubic feet).

To estimate weight in tons, the calculator multiplies the cubic yards by the average density of crushed stone, which is about 1.4 tons per cubic yard. This density varies with the stone type (e.g., granite is denser than limestone), so the tonnage is an approximation.

Worked Example

Using the default values: length = 10 ft, width = 10 ft, depth = 4 in.

1. Convert depth to feet: 4 in ÷ 12 = 0.3333 ft
2. Calculate volume in cubic feet: 10 × 10 × 0.3333 = 33.33 ft³
3. Convert to cubic yards: 33.33 ÷ 27 = 1.2345 yd³
4. Estimate weight: 1.2345 × 1.4 = 1.728 tons

The calculator rounds to two decimals, giving 1.23 cubic yards and 1.73 tons.

When to Use This Calculator

Use this calculator for any project that requires a layer of 3/4-inch crushed stone over a rectangular area. Common uses include:

• Base layer for a patio or walkway (typically 4–6 inches deep)
• Drainage layer under a shed or around foundation footings
• Backfill for retaining walls or French drains
• Driveway base (often 6–8 inches deep for vehicle traffic)

For irregularly shaped areas, break the area into rectangles, calculate each separately, and add the results.

How to Choose the Right Depth

The depth you need depends on the purpose:

• 2–3 inches: Light foot traffic, decorative ground cover, or pipe bedding
• 4 inches: Standard base for a paver patio or walkway (compacted)
• 6 inches: Driveway base for passenger cars (compacted)
• 8+ inches: Heavy vehicle traffic or poor soil conditions

Remember that stone compacts down about 10–15% when tamped, so you may need to order slightly more than the calculated volume if you plan to compact it.

Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them

• Mixing units: Always convert all measurements to the same unit (feet or inches) before calculating. This calculator does that for you.
• Forgetting compaction: If you tamp the stone, it settles. Add 10–15% extra to your order.
• Ignoring density variation: The 1.4 tons/yd³ average is a good estimate, but actual weight per cubic yard can range from 1.2 to 1.7 tons depending on the rock type. Check with your supplier.
• Ordering by weight vs. volume: Some suppliers sell by the ton, others by the cubic yard. Know which one you are ordering.

Cost and Ordering Considerations

Crushed stone is typically sold by the cubic yard or by the ton. Prices vary by region, quarry, and stone type, but a common range is $15–$30 per ton or $20–$50 per cubic yard. Delivery fees are often separate. To get an accurate quote, call a local supplier with your calculated volume and weight. It is usually cheaper to order a full truckload (e.g., 10–15 tons) than a partial load.

Safety and Handling Tips

• Wear gloves and safety glasses when handling crushed stone; the edges are sharp.
• Use a wheelbarrow or bucket to move stone; avoid lifting heavy loads manually.
• When spreading, use a rake and a tamper or plate compactor for even, compacted layers.
• Keep stone away from drainage pipes unless it is specifically for drainage; fine particles can clog some systems.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many square feet does a ton of 3/4 crushed stone cover?

At a 4-inch depth, one ton (about 0.71 cubic yards) covers roughly 57 square feet. At 2 inches deep, it covers about 115 square feet. Use the calculator to get an exact figure for your depth.

What is the difference between crushed stone and gravel?

Crushed stone is mechanically broken rock with angular edges, while gravel is naturally rounded. Angular stone locks together better for compaction, making it preferred for base layers and driveways.

Can I use 3/4 crushed stone for a French drain?

Yes, 3/4-inch clean crushed stone (without fines) is commonly used in French drains because it allows water to flow freely while preventing soil from clogging the pipe.

How much does 3/4 crushed stone weigh per cubic yard?

On average, it weighs about 1.4 tons per cubic yard. However, this can vary from 1.2 to 1.7 tons depending on the rock type and moisture content.

Should I order extra stone for compaction?

Yes, it is wise to order 10–15% more than the calculated volume if you will compact the stone. Compaction reduces volume, so you may run short otherwise.

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in l | Length | ft | 10 | 0
in w | Width | ft | 10 | 0
in d | Depth | in | 4 | 0
out cubic_yards | Cubic yards | yd³ | (l * w * (d / 12)) / 27 | 2
out tons | Tons (approx.) | tons | ((l * w * (d / 12)) / 27) * 1.4 | 2