1. What is Saponification Value?

The Saponification Value (SV) is the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide required to saponify 1 gram of fat or oil under specified conditions. It's an important measurement in soap making and oil analysis.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Saponification Value formula:

Where:

• \( \text{acid consumed} \) — Volume of acid used in titration (mL)
• \( \text{weight} \) — Weight of the sample (g)
• \( 56.1 \) — Molecular weight of potassium hydroxide (KOH)

Explanation: The formula calculates how much KOH would be needed to completely saponify the fat or oil sample.

3. Importance of SV Calculation

Details: SV helps determine the average molecular weight of fatty acids in a fat or oil, which is crucial for soap formulation and quality control in food and cosmetic industries.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the volume of acid consumed during titration in mL and the weight of your sample in grams. Both values must be greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a typical SV range for common oils?
A: Olive oil: 184-196, Coconut oil: 248-265, Palm oil: 190-209 mg KOH/g.

Q2: Why is 56.1 used in the formula?
A: This is the molecular weight of potassium hydroxide (KOH), which is the standard base used in saponification.

Q3: How does SV relate to soap making?
A: Higher SV means more lye is needed to saponify the oil, which affects soap hardness and cleansing properties.

Q4: Can I use this for any type of fat or oil?
A: Yes, the calculation works for all saponifiable lipids, though the exact procedure may vary slightly.

Q5: What's the difference between SV and acid value?
A: SV measures total saponifiable material, while acid value measures free fatty acids present in the oil.