1. What is Pipe Velocity?

Pipe velocity is the speed at which fluid flows through a pipe. It's an important parameter in fluid dynamics that affects pressure drop, energy requirements, and system design in piping systems.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the pipe velocity formula:

Where:

• \( Flow\ Rate \) — Volumetric flow rate (m³/s)
• \( Diameter \) — Inner diameter of the pipe (meters)
• \( \pi \) — Mathematical constant Pi (~3.1416)

Explanation: The formula calculates velocity by dividing the volumetric flow rate by the pipe's cross-sectional area.

3. Importance of Velocity Calculation

Details: Proper velocity calculation is crucial for designing efficient piping systems, preventing erosion, minimizing pressure drops, and ensuring proper fluid transport.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter flow rate in cubic meters per second and pipe diameter in meters. Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a typical pipe velocity range?
A: For water systems, typical velocities are 1-3 m/s for suction lines and 1.5-4.5 m/s for discharge lines.

Q2: Why is velocity important in pipe design?
A: High velocities can cause erosion and excessive pressure drops, while low velocities may lead to sedimentation.

Q3: How does pipe diameter affect velocity?
A: For a given flow rate, velocity increases as pipe diameter decreases (inverse square relationship).

Q4: Can this calculator be used for gases?
A: Yes, the same formula applies for incompressible fluids (liquids) and gases at low velocities.

Q5: What about non-circular pipes?
A: For non-circular pipes, use the hydraulic diameter in place of the pipe diameter in the formula.